206 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
206 lines
8.4 KiB
Markdown
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---
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sidebar_position: 2
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sidebar_label: Architecture
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---
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# Architecture
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In order to achieve a platform that can support various workflows and be
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extensible for the foreseeable future we went through extensive planning of
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possible use cases and decided to significantly change and improve the
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architecture.
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Below, we aim to demystify that complexity by providing insight into how
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`OHIF Platform` is architected, and the role each of its dependent libraries
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plays.
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## Overview
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The [OHIF Medical Image Viewing Platform][viewers-project] is maintained as a
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[`monorepo`][monorepo]. This means that this repository, instead of containing a
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single project, contains many projects. If you explore our project structure,
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you'll see the following:
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```bash
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│
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├── extensions
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│ ├── default # default functionalities
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│ ├── cornerstone # 2D/3D images w/ Cornerstonejs
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│ ├── cornerstone-dicom-sr # Structured reports
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│ ├── measurement-tracking # measurement tracking
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│ └── dicom-pdf # View DICOM wrapped PDFs in viewport
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| # and many more ...
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│
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├── modes
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│ └── longitudinal # longitudinal measurement tracking mode
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| └── basic-dev-mode # basic viewer with Cornerstone (a developer focused mode)
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| # and many more
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│
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├── platform
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│ ├── core # Business Logic
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│ ├── i18n # Internationalization Support
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│ ├── ui # React component library
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│ └── app # Connects platform and extension projects
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│
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├── ... # misc. shared configuration
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├── lerna.json # MonoRepo (Lerna) settings
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├── package.json # Shared devDependencies and commands
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└── README.md
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```
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OHIF v3 is composed of the following components, described in detail in further
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sections:
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- `@ohif/app`: The core framework that controls extension registration, mode
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composition and routing.
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- `@ohif/core`: A library of useful and reusable medical imaging functionality
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for the web.
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- `@ohif/ui`: A library of reusable components to build OHIF-styled applications
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with.
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- `Extensions`: A set of building blocks for building applications. The OHIF org
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maintains a few core libraries.
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- `Modes`: Configuration objects that tell @ohif/app how to compose
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extensions to build applications on different routes of the platform.
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## Extensions
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The `extensions` directory contains many packages that provide essential
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functionalities such as rendering, study/series browsers, measurement tracking
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that modes can consume to enable a certain workflow. Extensions have had their
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behavior changed in `OHIF-v3` and their api is expanded. In summary:
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> In `OHIF-v3`, extensions no longer automatically hook themselves to the app.
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> Now, registering an extension makes its component available to `modes` that
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> wish to use them. Basically, extensions in `OHIF-v3` are **building blocks**
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> for building applications.
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OHIF team maintains several high value and commonly used functionalities in its
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own extensions. For a list of extensions maintained by OHIF,
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[check out this helpful table](../platform/extensions/index.md#maintained-extensions).
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As an example `default` extension provides a default viewer layout, a
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study/series browser and a datasource that maps to a DICOMWeb compliant backend.
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[Click here to read more about extensions!](../platform/extensions/index.md)
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## Modes
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The `modes` directory contains workflows that can be registered with OHIF within
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certain `routes`. The mode will get used once the user opens the viewer on the
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registered route.
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OHIF extensions were designed to provide certain core functionalities for
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building your viewer. However, often in medical imaging we face a specific use
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case in which we are using some core functionalities, adding our specific UI,
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and use it in our workflows. Previously, to achieve this you had to create an
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extension to add have such feature. `OHIF-v3` introduces `Modes` to enable
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building such workflows by re-using the core functionalities from the
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extensions.
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Some common workflows may include:
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- Measurement tracking for lesions
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- Segmentation of brain abnormalities
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- AI probe mode for detecting prostate cancer
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In the mentioned modes above, they will share the same core rendering module
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that the `default` extension provides. However, segmentation mode will require
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segmentation tools which is not needed for the other two. As you can see, modes
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are a layer on top of extensions, that you can configure in order to achieve
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certain workflows.
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To summarize the difference between extensions and modes in `OHIF-v3` and
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extensions in `OHIF-v2`
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> - `Modes` are configuration objects that tell _@ohif/app_ how to compose
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> extensions to build applications on different routes of the platform.
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> - In v2 extensions are “plugins” that add functionality to a core viewer.
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> - In v3 extensions are building blocks that a mode uses to build an entire
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> viewer layout.
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[Click here to read more about modes!](../platform/modes/index.md)
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## Platform
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### `@ohif/app`
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This library is the core library which consumes modes and extensions and builds
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an application. Extensions can be passed in as app configuration and will be
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consumed and initialized at the appropriate time by the application. Upon
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initialization the viewer will consume extensions and modes and build up the
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route desired, these can then be accessed via the study list, or directly via
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url parameters.
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Upon release modes will also be plugged into the app via configuration, but this
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is still an area which is under development/discussion, and they are currently
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pulled from the window in beta.
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Future ideas for this framework involve only adding modes and fetching the
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required extension versions at either runtime or build time, but this decision
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is still up for discussion.
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### `@ohif/core`
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OHIF core is a carefully maintained and tested set of web-based medical imaging
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functions and classes. This library includes managers and services used from
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within the viewer app.
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OHIF core is largely similar to the @ohif/core library in v2, however a lot of
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logic has been moved to extensions: however all logic about DICOMWeb and other
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data fetching mechanisms have been pulled out, as these now live in extensions,
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described later.
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### `@ohif/ui`
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Firstly, a large time-consumer/barrier for entry we discovered was building new
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UI in a timely manner that fit OHIF’s theme. For this reason we have built a new
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UI component library which contains all the components one needs to build their
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own viewer.
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These components are presentational only, so you can reuse them with whatever
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logic you desire. As the components are presentational, you may swap out
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@ohif/ui for a custom UI library with conforming API if you wish to white label
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the viewer. The UI library is here to make development easier and quicker, but
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it is not mandatory for extension components to use.
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[Check out our component library!](https://ui.ohif.org/)
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## Overview of the architecture
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OHIF-v3 architecture can be seen in the following figure. We will explore each
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piece in more detail.
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## Common Questions
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> Can I create my own Viewer using Vue.js or Angular.js?
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You can, but you will not be able to leverage as much of the existing code and
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components. `@ohif/core` could still be used for business logic, and to provide
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a model for extensions. `@ohif/ui` would then become a guide for the components
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you would need to recreate.
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> When I want to implement a functionality, should it be in the mode or in an
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> extension?
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This is a great question. Modes are designed to consume extensions, so you
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should implement your functionality in one of the modules of your new extension,
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and let the mode consume it. This way, in the future, if you needed another mode
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that utilizes the same functionality, you can easily hook the extension to the
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new mode as well.
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<!--
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Links
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-->
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<!-- prettier-ignore-start -->
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[monorepo]: https://github.com/OHIF/Viewers/issues/768
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[viewers-project]: https://github.com/OHIF/Viewers
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[viewer-npm]: https://www.npmjs.com/package/@ohif/app
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[pwa]: https://developers.google.com/web/progressive-web-apps/
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[configuration]: ../configuration/index.md
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[extensions]: ../platform/extensions/index.md
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[core-github]: https://github.com/OHIF/viewers/platform/core
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[ui-github]: https://github.com/OHIF/Viewers/tree/master/platform/ui
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<!-- prettier-ignore-end -->
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